patients association http://www.artwoo.com Returned search results for patients association Copyright 2008 Mon, 01 Dec 2008 17:07:50 +0000 http://www.artwoo.com/rss/patients+association The Alzheimers Association Exists To Help http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-alzheimers-association-exists-to-help http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-alzheimers-association-exists-to-help#comments Wed, 13 Jun 2007 08:34:56 +0000 alzheimers associationalzheimers diseasealzheimers patientsannual conferencesmake life easiernational identification programdementia http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-alzheimers-association-exists-to-help Alzheimers disease at any given time don't do it alone. Thanks to the there is a group available that works around the clock to help find the cause, on patients and their families and most importantly to locate a cure.

The stated mission of the Alzheimers Association is to wipe out the disease through research, to offer and enhance care and available support for the people impacted by it and to reduce the risks for the development of . The association does this through a number of different efforts, programs and outreach efforts.

The Alzheimers Association reaches out to people all over America through a number of local chapters. These chapters are the source for local services and assistance. The agency also provides a 24-hour helpline that is available seven days a week. The line can handle calls for information and referrals in 140 different languages.

The association also works heavily in the online community to provide information and support to patients, their families and others who seek knowledge about this condition. Beyond providing information, the agency also works to raise public awareness, raise funds for research and support programs and more.

Some of the major programs the association funds and supports include:

* Safe Return. This is a that helps ensure patients who wander have a greater chance of returning home safely. Wandering is a major cause for concern with .

* Green-Field Library. This library is considered the ultimate clearing house of information on Alzheimers disease. Through the library, a variety of information is also offered to the public at no charge.

* Conferences. The Alzheimers Association plays host to and takes part in a number of different dedicated to advancing research into this most troubling condition. From efforts to find a cure to those designed to isolate a cause and possible treatments to slow the disease's progression, the association stays involved.

* Grants. The association provides research grants directly to scientists and other medical professionals who are working on unlocking the mystery that surrounds this condition.

* Fundraising. One of the primary functions of the association is to raise money to support programs and research. This is accomplished through a number of efforts, including the annual Memory Walk.

* Public awareness. This is another major component of the association. By raising public awareness about this epidemic, the association strives to dispel myths, provide frank information and help enlist others to the cause.

Founded in the 1980s, the Alzheimers Association is one of the leading organizations dedicated to researching this condition and finding a cure. In the meantime, the group also works to help ensure patients and their families do not struggle alone. With chapters all over the country, the association has dedicated more than $200 million to the cause and continues to do so.

While there is still no cure, the association's goal is to create a world where Alzheimers doesn't exist. With continued support, this is hoped to one day be possible. For more information on Alzheimers, try visiting http://www.helpwithalzheimers.com - a website that specializes in providing Alzheimers related tips, advice and resources to include information on Alzheimers association. ]]> Cerebral Palsy Association: A Great Way To Get Support http://www.artwoo.com/article/cerebral-palsy-association-a-great-way-to-get-support http://www.artwoo.com/article/cerebral-palsy-association-a-great-way-to-get-support#comments Sat, 18 Nov 2006 12:27:08 +0000 cerebral palsy associationcerebral palsy associationscerebral palsy patientscerebral palsy childrencontactcharity workcharity events http://www.artwoo.com/article/cerebral-palsy-association-a-great-way-to-get-support
If you answered yes to any of these questions then joining a in your area may be the right choice you can make. are not-for-profit organization that reaches out to people who has children with Cerebral Palsy.

Almost all parts o the United States have these kinds of organization so you won't have any difficulty finding one to join in. They offer support, and also information about the cerebral palsy. Some Cerebral Palsy Associations can even help you with the treatment cost. They can do this through financial support by organizing a charity for .

They sometimes host a charity event to raise cash in order to help people parents with with their therapy. Therapy for cerebral palsy can be very expensive. So, if you are a parent who wants treatment for your child who has cerebral palsy, you can seek help in these organizations.

However, you can also join these organizations even if you don't have children who have cerebral palsy. You can simply join a Cerebral Palsy Association to help with their .

Some Cerebral Palsy Associations are integrated with other Cerebral Palsy Association in the United States. Information about these organizations is often posted in the internet for easier access and to gather more members. You can their office by emailing them.

Always remember that joining these kinds of organizations is voluntary. So, there is no pressure whether you will join or not. If you think you can cope with the illness on your own, then you probably don't need to join these kinds of organizations. However, if you are in need of support, you can always turn to these organizations who will happily give it to you.

You can also join as a volunteer to help the organization with the that will raise money for cerebral palsy patients. This is a great way to help.

The events included will depend on the plan of the organization. Some organization will hire a famous music artist and ask them to do a live performance to raise money, some host bingo events, and some even gaming events. These organizations really work hard to help people cope with cerebral palsy, especially the parents. They help them financially and they also help them emotionally. This is a great way to obtain support if you can't carry the burden anymore. This content is provided by Low Jeremy. It may be used only in its entirety with all links included. For more information on cerebral palsy, what causes it and where to get advice, please visit http://cerebral-palsy.articlekeep.com ]]> Massage Information For Consumers http://www.artwoo.com/article/massage-information-for-consumers http://www.artwoo.com/article/massage-information-for-consumers#comments Wed, 07 Jun 2006 12:32:02 +0000 massage therapy associationmassage therapistmassage clientspractice massagetherapeutic massageamtaamerican massage therapy http://www.artwoo.com/article/massage-information-for-consumers
- The will ask questions about what prompted you to get a massage. - The massage therapist will want background information about your physical condition, medical history, lifestyle, stress levels and any painful areas. - The massage therapist will ask what your health goals are and will discuss how massage may help you achieve those goals. - During a one-on-one massage, you will be asked to remove clothing to your level of comfort. Clothing is not removed during "chair" massages.

Consumers also should consider the following tips to help them find a massage therapist who is trained and qualified.

- Are you licensed to ? (35 states have passed legislation to regulate massage therapy) - Are you a member of the American ? - Are you Nationally Certified in and Bodywork?

Massage May Help Ease Your Pain

Millions of Americans are all too familiar with pain. There can be countless trips to the doctor or chiropractor, pain medications, sleepless nights and the burden of making it through the day while enduring pain.

Have you tried massage?

A recent survey by the American Hospital Association shows that nearly 82 percent of hospitals that use some form of complementary or alternative care use massage therapy, with 70 percent of those hospitals using massage for pain management and pain relief.

A consumer survey commissioned by the Association? () reveals that more people than ever are seeking massage to manage and relieve pain. The survey shows that nearly half, 47 percent, of those polled have had a massage specifically for pain relief.

A 2003 survey of 1,998 showed that 63 percent believed massage therapy provided them greater pain relief than chiropractic, acupuncture, physical therapy or other bodywork.

Clinical research has shown massage therapy can:

- Be more effective for chronic back pain than other complementary therapies. - Promote relaxation and alleviate the perception of pain and anxiety in cancer patients. - Reduce post-traumatic headaches better than cold pack treatments. - Lessen pain and muscle spasms in patients who have undergone heart bypass surgery when part of hospital-based surgery treatment. - Stimulate the brain to produce endorphins. - Improve confidence by encouraging patients to effectively cope with their pain.

If you have chronic pain, talk to your doctor about adding massage by a qualified massage therapist to your pain management program. Finding a trained and qualified massage therapist is important, so look for a member of AMTA. The http://www.amtamassage.org/ is a resource center for http://www.amtamassage.org/massage_ther.html and http://www.amtamassage.org/consumers.html. ]]> Can Not Having Enough Vitamin D Make My Rheumatoid Arthritis Worse? http://www.artwoo.com/article/can-not-having-enough-vitamin-d-make-my-rheumatoid-arthritis-worse http://www.artwoo.com/article/can-not-having-enough-vitamin-d-make-my-rheumatoid-arthritis-worse#comments Sat, 05 Jan 2008 17:34:59 +0000 health assessment questionnaireinflammatory polyarthritisarthritis rheumarthritis and rheumatismmetabolite levelsvitamin d deficiencyinflammatory arthritis http://www.artwoo.com/article/can-not-having-enough-vitamin-d-make-my-rheumatoid-arthritis-worse vitamin D deficiency, there is another one. Not having enough vitamin D can make rheumatoid arthritis (and other , possibly) symptoms worse. These findings were reported recently by researchers in the United Kingdom.

In the July issue of , Dr. Sanjeev Patel of St. Helier University Hospital, Carsholton, and colleagues note that there is evidence that vitamin D and its metabolite 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), in particular, may have immunomodulatory effects. (Patel A, Farragher T, Berry J, Bunn D, Silman A, Symmons D. Association between serum vitamin D and disease activity in patients with early .of 2007;56:2143-2149).

Metabolites are what vitamin D is converted to in the body. Conversion to different forms of the vitamin can occur in the liver or kidney. Conversion is a common process. Many drugs taken for different diseases undergo this process. In fact, often the metabolite is the active form of the medicine or vitamin. In the case of vitamin D, there are two active metabolites: 25-hydroxyvitamin D and 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D.

The investigators wanted to find out whether metabolites of vitamin D might have an influence on polyarthritis.

Polyarthritis means a type of arthritis that affects many joints. The prototypical form of polyarthritis is rheumatoid arthritis.

The researchers measured serum levels of 25(OH)D and 1,25- dihydroxyvitamin D (1,25[OH]2D) in 206 patients within 6 months of the onset of symptoms of their disease.

They observed an inverse relationship between baseline levels of 25(OH)D and multiple measures of disease activity. In other words, the lower the vitamin D metabolite levels were, the more symptoms a patient had.

In particular, one measure- the or HAQ- is a common measure of how a patient feels. The researchers found that at baseline, 1,25(OH)2D levels had an inverse relationship with HAQ scores. At 1 year, baseline levels of both metabolites continued to have a significant inverse association with HAQ scores.

According to Dr. Patel, "The results of this study show that vitamin D deficiency may increase rheumatoid arthritis activity. We need to study this further and see if giving vitamin D or more potent drugs with vitamin D activity can relieve symptoms of rheumatoid arthritis."

So what is the message for you if you have rheumatoid arthritis? Make sure your rheumatologist checks your vitamin D levels routinely, particularly in the winter when vitamin D levels can plummet.

If your vitamin D levels are low, you need replacement therapy. In our practice we have noted that patients with vitamin D deficiency often have more flares than patients who have normal vitamin D levels. Vitamin D levels in our patients are monitored routinely. Nathan Wei, MD FACP FACR is a rheumatologist and Director of the Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of Maryland. He is a Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. For more info: http://www.arthritis-treatment-and-relief.com/arthritis-treatment.html ]]> Medical Transcription Companies http://www.artwoo.com/article/medical-transcription-companies http://www.artwoo.com/article/medical-transcription-companies#comments Sun, 20 Apr 2008 10:25:54 +0000 american association for medical transcriptionistsaccurate medical recordsforemost organizationshealthcare documentationmt educationdoctors and their patientsmedical transcription http://www.artwoo.com/article/medical-transcription-companies medical transcription (MT) has been continuously growing since its start several decades ago. As the medical profession grows in importance and necessity, so does the MT job market. Today there are hundreds of companies, on both the local and national level, that offer jobs as an MT to individuals interested in jumping on board.

Due to huge time constraints and the lack of one-on-one contact between , medical transcriptionists have been sought out to create and maintain patients' permanent files in order to decrease busy work for medical professionals and increase the quality of the documents. The profession is progressively growing and the job market is filled with open spots for skilled and well-trained MTs.

One of the for medical transcriptionists in the world is the Association for Integrity (AHDI), formerly the (AAMT). AHDI was established in 1978 to obtain recognition for medical transcriptionists' contributions toward patient safety and more . The association feels that medical transcriptionists are a vital asset to the preservation and safety of all patients and that the profession will improve the quality of care. AHDI has been a large promoter for further legislation and regulation for healthcare documentation and information. The association feels the bar has been set for and it follows the most modern trends in the ever-changing industry.

According to the AHDI web page, individuals who are interested in a career as an MT should research the profession fully and be able to understand all of the requirements before deciding on that career path. The organization offers several links that help answer any questions about medical transcription and choosing the right education program that is specific to the individual's needs. The AHDI is a great organization to join for validation and protection as an MT. The association offers many resources that are beneficial to those in the MT industry. AHDI also offers advice, networking, and job opportunities to anyone who joins the organization.Another organization that is hoping to aid in the advancement of medical transcription is the Medical Transcription Industry Association (MTIA). MTIA has been working in conjunction with AHDI to better the medical transcription industry and provide better health records for the world. The MTIA is a non-profit trade association that represents medical transcription companies, vendors, and health professionals. MTIA, according to the web page, is the largest MT organization in the world. The association offers several membership options, which range from "general" to "associate," and are said to employ over 12,000 MT professionals. Through MTIA, individuals will have access to thousands of vendor suppliers through a transcription service finder, which will give the added advantage of networking through the site. MTIA also sponsors events and conferences annually to keep current MTs up-to-date and in the know about the latest medical transcription trends.

There is an incredibly helpful website called MT Daily that lists all MT companies according to the state in which they are located. The providers consist of vendors, companies, and independent contractors who are looking for a skilled MT. Many of the companies offer both long- and short-term positions. The site also provides links to other popular search engines like Monster and NationJob. MT Daily allows easy access to several national companies like C and C Transcription, HealthScribe, MEDGARDE, and Transcription Solutions. Around thirty percent of MTs do work from home, so the site also gives listings of job opportunities that can be completed outside of the office. To take a look at the full list of companies, visit www.mtdaily.com/mtcos.html.

With the abundance of online resources, along with well-respected organizations like AHDI and MTIA, the medical transcription industry is steadily becoming a large presence in the medical field. Not only are there numerous jobs for MTs, but there are also many organizations that are advocating for the profession, which is earning more respect in the medical field year after year. Greg Heslin is a best selling author on various legitimate work from home opportunities. To learn more about real work from home opportunities and see "check proof" of how some people are making $1,758 a day working from home, you can visit his web site at: http://www.Work-From-Home-123.com ]]> A Weekend Facelift http://www.artwoo.com/article/a-weekend-facelift http://www.artwoo.com/article/a-weekend-facelift#comments Wed, 26 Jul 2006 18:27:12 +0000 facial skinincisionfaceliftfacial nervegeneral anesthesiablepharoplastyinconspicuous http://www.artwoo.com/article/a-weekend-facelift Facelift or Rhitydectomy is a popular cosmetic surgery where the skin on the face and neck is pulled back to remove wrinkles, sags, jowls etc to give a firm and youthful appearance to the face. As a person ages, the skin on the face gets wrinkled, the jaw line grows slack and jowly. This is due to gravity, sunlight, wear and tear and stress on the .

In a facelift operation, a local anesthesia or a is given to the patient. starts from the ear to behind the ear and ends near the hairline behind the ear. After the incision, undermining is done. Undermining is separating the facial skin from the underlying tissue below the neck, chin and cheeks using scalpel and scissors.

After undermining the facial suspension system are tightened with stitches. Next the skin is pulled backwards and upwards to the required extent. Then the skin is tightened with stitches. The underlying excess tissue may or may not be removed. The excess skin is removed and the incisions are closed with sutures.

Generally the incision is hidden around the ear and extends to the earlobes and into the hairline. Hence the incision marks are . For a facelift operation a thin skin and good bone structure is ideal. After the facelift operation a windswept look to the face is common. In men the side burns turn backwards giving an unnatural appearance. In women the earlobe is pulled downwards. Facelifts are generally combined with other operations like eye surgery () and skin tissue resurfacing with lasers.

Before undergoing facelift operation, the patients are advised to stop smoking and drinking at least a month in advance. Growing longer hair is better to hide the incision scars. Recovery takes up to a month but most patients generally goes back home within a day. Sometimes tubes are attached under the skin to drain out excess fluid for a day or two.

There can be complications like bleeding, damage to , necrosis (death of skin), hair loss near the incision. The risk of post-operation complications is higher in case of patients with diabetes, hypertension, smokers etc. However they are not common.

Patients should not take aspirin or anticoagulants before surgery. Further patients should discuss all their medical history and whether they are under any medication with the plastic surgeon.

In the US it is desirable to be treated by a surgeon who belongs to association of plastic surgeon (AAPS) or any other national association. However all qualified surgeons are authorized to make a facelift operation. Results vary from subtle to dramatic depending upon the appearance of the patient before operation. Keith George always writes about valuable news andamp; reviews. A related resource is http://the-facelift.info/ Further information can be found at http://find-medicine.info/ ]]> Create Humorous Images Through Association http://www.artwoo.com/article/create-humorous-images-through-association http://www.artwoo.com/article/create-humorous-images-through-association#comments Wed, 28 Feb 2007 10:27:01 +0000 memorizationmathewfamiliar facesbits and pieceseven associatefashion workfunny images http://www.artwoo.com/article/create-humorous-images-through-association memorization is a proven and effective way of retrieving information. Anything new to the mind is easily remembered if paired with another familiar object or any piece of information. This is the only secret and formula why memorization through association method works very well.

Association may seem difficult to use at first. A person using this method for the first time can possibly find himself trapped using the usual information such as the big tree, the old house down the street or the old lady passing by every morning for association purposes. But it doesn't have to be like this all the time. To make the art of memorization become more easy and natural, one can anything important for retention to music, food, clothes and just about anything. It's even more fascinating if association is used together with fun objects and distinct appearances.

The reason why association works well with sillier or or even the ones that are truly strangely unique enough to be remembered is because it stays in the mind easily above all the other usual of information.

Remembering names in this just as great. It's always best to start with the people with but at the same time, those of whom you could never retain the names. Starting with the most difficult ones always make memorization easier since the brain adapts to a rigid training of memorization.

So, for memorization of the people whose names are entirely unknown or foreign to you but whose faces you get to meet at the pantry almost everyday, try asking for their names once and associate it with anything familiar and humorous to you. For example, the name is just too usual with almost every guy you meet but this time, the name Mathew has got to be for this particular person only. You don't want to make the same mistake for such a simple name so every time this person walks up to you, make him the disciple Mathew in modern day, walking around the office premises in robe and bearded. About The Author: Shareen Aguilar is a writer for http://www.memory-improvement-techniques.com which has Memory Improvement Books and Memory Game Software. ]]> How The American Diabetes Association Helps You http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you#comments Mon, 12 Feb 2007 18:27:08 +0000 american diabetes associationdiabetes mellituscure diabetesauspicessupport research effortsadvocacy programsscientific research http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you American Diabetes Association is a national nonprofit organization that promotes in diabetes, public information regarding diabetes and advocacy for diabetics. The organization was founded in 1940 and has programs operational in all 50 states plus the District of Columbia. This is an organization that reaches hundreds of communities year round for the benefit of those with diabetes.



The stated mission of the American Diabetes Association is to find ways to prevent and as well as to improve the lives of all people who are affected by diabetes. Diabetes affects millions of Americans and the Association works on their behalf to find ways to make the disease easier to live with and possibly to prevent. It also supports research efforts at a number of academic organizations.



The American Diabetes Association funds scientific research and publishes the scientific findings that its researchers discover.

The Association provides whatever information or service people with diabetes, their loved ones, health professionals or the public may need. Advocating for the rights of those with diabetes is also a part of what the association does on a routine basis.



The American Diabetes Association supports a national call center that received over 350,000 calls in the past year from people with questions, concerns or who needed support from the organization. It raises money to , information programs and to help the 20 million individuals in the United States who suffers from .

The American Diabetes Association feels it has a responsibility to make sure that all work done under the of the Association is above board. For that reason, they have developed a whistleblower program that allows people to report any suspected fraudulent or dishonest conduct related to resources supported by the Association.



One of the ways the American Diabetes Association raises money is through its online store. This is where they sell a large variety of cookbooks for diabetics, meal planning devices, self-care guides and other educational material for those who need help in managing their diabetes.

They also have multiple events and fundraisers that increase the awareness of diabetes and raise money to support the various aspects of their mission.



An individual can become a member of the American Diabetic Association as an individual or as a health professional. In addition, the Association has thousands of children and adults who volunteer each year and various fundraisers and to help the Association function. Celebrities also help to make money for the organization every year.



Corporations can sponsor the American Diabetic Association. Through corporate sponsorship, research can be accomplished and a large amount of funds can help the Association function every year. In addition, the Association has coalitions and collaborations with organizations such as the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, the American College of Cardiology and the Diabetes Care Coalition. It even collaborates with Nickelodeon to help children understand the benefits of diabetic prevention and management. http://www.diabeteswelfare.com/americandiabetesassociation.html brings you the latest news on the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes is ever increasing each day and we want to bring you the most up-to-date information online. Also check out our latest information page at http://www.diabeteswelfare.com ]]> How The American Diabetes Association Helps You http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you#comments Wed, 02 May 2007 22:30:01 +0000 american diabetes associationdiabetes mellituscure diabetesnonprofit organization that promotesauspicesprogram that allowssupport research efforts http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-the-american-diabetes-association-helps-you American Diabetes Association is a national scientific research in diabetes, public information regarding diabetes and advocacy for diabetics. The organization was founded in 1940 and has programs operational in all 50 states plus the District of Columbia. This is an organization that reaches hundreds of communities year round for the benefit of those with diabetes.



The stated mission of the American Diabetes Association is to find ways to prevent and as well as to improve the lives of all people who are affected by diabetes. Diabetes affects millions of Americans and the Association works on their behalf to find ways to make the disease easier to live with and possibly to prevent. It also supports research efforts at a number of academic organizations.



The American Diabetes Association funds scientific research and publishes the scientific findings that its researchers discover.

The Association provides whatever information or service people with diabetes, their loved ones, health professionals or the public may need. Advocating for the rights of those with diabetes is also a part of what the association does on a routine basis.



The American Diabetes Association supports a national call center that received over 350,000 calls in the past year from people with questions, concerns or who needed support from the organization. It raises money to , information programs and advocacy programs to help the 20 million individuals in the United States who suffers from .

The American Diabetes Association feels it has a responsibility to make sure that all work done under the of the Association is above board. For that reason, they have developed a whistleblower people to report any suspected fraudulent or dishonest conduct related to resources supported by the Association.



One of the ways the American Diabetes Association raises money is through its online store. This is where they sell a large variety of cookbooks for diabetics, meal planning devices, self-care guides and other educational material for those who need help in managing their diabetes.

They also have multiple events and fundraisers that increase the awareness of diabetes and raise money to support the various aspects of their mission.



An individual can become a member of the American Diabetic Association as an individual or as a health professional. In addition, the Association has thousands of children and adults who volunteer each year and various fundraisers and to help the Association function. Celebrities also help to make money for the organization every year.



Corporations can sponsor the American Diabetic Association. Through corporate sponsorship, research can be accomplished and a large amount of funds can help the Association function every year. In addition, the Association has coalitions and collaborations with organizations such as the American Heart Association, the American Cancer Society, the American College of Cardiology and the Diabetes Care Coalition. It even collaborates with Nickelodeon to help children understand the benefits of diabetic prevention and management. http://www.diabeteswelfare.com/americandiabetesassociation.html brings you the latest news on the American Diabetes Association. Diabetes is ever increasing each day and we want to bring you the most up-to-date information online. Also check out our latest information page at http://www.diabeteswelfare.com ]]> What You Need To Know About Homeowners http://www.artwoo.com/article/what-you-need-to-know-about-homeowners http://www.artwoo.com/article/what-you-need-to-know-about-homeowners#comments Tue, 18 Apr 2006 11:50:12 +0000 association communitycommunity association institutehomeowners associationhomeowners associationscommon interest developmentprofit corporationsmobile home subdivision http://www.artwoo.com/article/what-you-need-to-know-about-homeowners homeowners association, according to the , a national non-profit group that provides resources to such organizations. They may live in the city or the suburbs, in a , privately owned community, planned unit development, subdivision, condominium, co-op apartment building, or .

Depending on where you live, your local organization may be called a homeowners association, property owners association, community association, civic association, property board, property committee, or some other similar term. But in each case, the primary purpose of the group is to manage the neighborhood's common areas. The secondary purpose, however, is to maintain certain neighborhood standards by means of regulations.

Since the 1980s, membership has become a mandatory condition of ownership in some communities. An estimated four out of five houses built since the late 1990s are governed by a homeowners association, according to the Community Association Institute. Yet few people really understand the risks versus the benefits.

The Fine Print

The initial scope of what is to be regulated by a homeowners association is typically set out by a property developer. The developer establishes what services and expenses are to be covered by an association's budget, its by-laws and the obligations of its members. He or she runs the association while the development is being completed and then turns control over to a committee of owners.

Most are incorporated as not-for- and employ professional property managers and lawyers to support the association. They regulate property use in your community through covenants, conditions and restrictions included in your deed. These can define the colors you can paint your house, how often you mow your lawn, how many cars you can park in your driveway, whether you can have pets, operate a home business or erect a flag, among many other activities.

While many homeowners like having a common code of behavior and standard of upkeep in their neighborhood, others find the restrictions intrusive and problems can occur. Becoming entangled in a lawsuit with a homeowners association could undermine the value of your property.

Before you buy

If you're considering buying a property regulated by a homeowners association, ask to see the covenants, conditions and restrictions before you make your offer. Read them carefully to see if you will be comfortable complying with those rules. Find out how much and how often the board can raise fees and levy assessments. Ask to see the association's financial records and review them with your lawyer. Talk to local residents about any problems there may be. Ask to meet with a board member to learn about the association and, if you become an owner, attend public meetings to keep up with the issues.

For more information on homeowners associations, visit http://www.lendingtree.com/cec/yourhome/buying/homeowners-association.asp">http://www.lendingtree.com/cec/yourhome/buying/homeowners-association.asp The editorial staff at LendingTree is committed to helping consumers become smarter borrowers. Visit http://www.lendingtree.com/cec for more information and tips on buying, selling, and financing a home. Copyright 1998-2006, LendingTree, LLC. ]]> High Blood Pressure: Deadly Problem For Patients With Rheumatoid Arthritis http://www.artwoo.com/article/high-blood-pressure-deadly-problem-for-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis http://www.artwoo.com/article/high-blood-pressure-deadly-problem-for-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis#comments Mon, 24 Dec 2007 02:40:02 +0000 patients with rheumatoid arthritisbody mass indexuncontrolled hypertensionchronic inflammationgenetic predispositiondiagnosis of hypertensionpatients with hypertension http://www.artwoo.com/article/high-blood-pressure-deadly-problem-for-patients-with-rheumatoid-arthritis patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) have a marked increase in the number of cardiovascular events such as strokes and heart attacks. While various theories have been offered, it is clear that multiple factors are involved.

appears to be the major underlying factor. Chronic inflammation sets up atherosclerosis and the attendant development of plaque. However, other factors such as , cigarette smoking, and diabetes contribute as well.

One of the most important risk factors that can be modified is high blood pressure. And=85 unfortunately, this problem- high blood pressure- is extremely common in patients with RA.

Furthermore, according to a recent study (Panoulas VF, et al. Rheumatol. 2007; 46: 1477-1482), it is often under diagnosed and poorly controlled in patients with RA.

The authors studied 400 patients with RA who attended outpatient clinics in the United Kingdom.

Hypertension was found in 282 (70.5%). Only 171 (60.6%) of these patients had received a and were on drug therapy for it. The other 111 patients (39.4%) had not been diagnosed with hypertension.

The undiagnosed hypertension was most common in patients ranging in age from 35 to 54 years than in older patients.

More disturbing is that of the 171 who were receiving treatment, only 37 (21.6%) were optimally controlled.

Predictors of in this group were elevated and the presence of concomitant cardiovascular disease.

The researchers stated that, "The young and elderly overweight patients with RA should be specifically screened for hypertension=85"

They also made the point- and a crucial one at that- that those patients with already existing cardiovascular disease must be identified and treated aggressively and monitored closely to ensure proper blood pressure targets are reached.

The take home message is quite clear. Patients with RA are at increased risk for hypertension and often the hypertension is under diagnosed and suboptimally managed. Nathan Wei, MD FACP FACR is a rheumatologist and Director of the Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of Maryland. He is a Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. For more info: http://www.arthritis-treatment-and-relief.com/arthritis-treatment.html ]]> CPAP Masks - What Are Cpap Masks And How Do They Stop Snoring? http://www.artwoo.com/article/cpap-masks-what-are-cpap-masks-and-how-do-they-stop-snoring http://www.artwoo.com/article/cpap-masks-what-are-cpap-masks-and-how-do-they-stop-snoring#comments Wed, 17 Oct 2007 20:29:57 +0000 cpap maskssleep apneaasaamost widely usedamerican sleep apnea associationfortunatelysnoring treatments http://www.artwoo.com/article/cpap-masks-what-are-cpap-masks-and-how-do-they-stop-snoring CPAP masks, an acronym for continuous positive airway pressure, are one of the therapeutic interventions for . Those who wear the masks deal with a device that uses a controlled air compressor to generate and air stream at a constant pressure, preventing the apneas from occurring. The pressure used varies among patients, and depends on the results of an overnight examination where the breathing is constantly monitored. Prescribed by physicians, most insurance policies cover the treatment and the actual cost to the patient can be nonexistent. The downside of CPAP masks is that they can be uncomfortable to wear. As a result, patients who need to wear them on a regular basis may be less inclined to do so.

, there have been several advancements in the world of CPAP masks. According to the (), new masks are being developed that reduce the pressure upon exhalation. This makes the masks more comfortable, and treatment is less likely to be rejected by the patient. It is imperative that the masks fit well, as the masks are only effective when there is a seal that doesn't enable air to slip through. To make sure the seal is correct, the straps that go around the head must be properly fitted, not too loose or too tight.

Triangular CPAP masks completely enclose the nose and mouth, and come in different styles that patients can choose from. Depending on whether or not you breathe through your mouth at night, there are some masks available that only enclose the nose. The straps that go around the head gear portion of the mask are easy to adjust, but are snug enough that the mask will move around with you as you toss and turn at night. Patented quick release straps make putting on and taking off the mask a breeze. To discover which really work and which ones are a waste of time, visit http://www.StopSnoringSystem.com/ today! FREE mini-course reveals details about CPAP masks! ]]> Acupuncture For Migraines - Studies Show It Does Work http://www.artwoo.com/article/acupuncture-for-migraines-studies-show-it-does-work http://www.artwoo.com/article/acupuncture-for-migraines-studies-show-it-does-work#comments Thu, 08 Feb 2007 10:27:09 +0000 sham acupuncturemigraine headachesflunarizinemigraine reliefjamamigrainesacupuncturist http://www.artwoo.com/article/acupuncture-for-migraines-studies-show-it-does-work
The Studies

Two publications have published studies with strong conclusions on the effectiveness of acupuncture for . The Journal of the American Medical Association, or , published "Acupuncture for Patients with Migraine." In this study, scientists used 302 patients, most of them women who suffered from . Patients were administered acupuncture, and a waiting list control. Researchers concluded that sham acupuncture was no less effective than regular acupuncture, though both had much more of an effect on than did the wait list control.

Another study, published by Blackwell Synergy, one hundred sixty women were run through a controlled study examining the effects of acupuncture for migraines versus for migraines. Group A was administered acupuncture weekly for 2 months and then once monthly for 4 months. Flunarizine was given to the patients every day for two months and then twenty days out of the month for four months. The conclusion was profound: acupuncture won the contest for the most effective treatment out of the two.

Getting Past The Fear

The first thing to look for when seeking out a professional is to make sure that the acupuncturist is licensed and certified, depending on the state in which you live. Most acupuncturists will walk you through their sterilizing procedures, and most use disposable needles. If you cannot get past the fear of acupuncture needles, the acupuncturist will probably provide alternatives for you. These include herbal methods, magnetic needles and ear cups that can be taken for similar results.

When you go to the acupuncturist, be sure you know what you are seeking treatment for, and have as much medical information as possible. This will help the acupuncturist decide what acupuncture for migraine techniques are right for you. Lee Dobbins writes for http://www.herbs-home-remedies.com where you can learn about more alternative methods for treating ailments. ]]> Gadolinium Mri http://www.artwoo.com/article/gadolinium-mri http://www.artwoo.com/article/gadolinium-mri#comments Fri, 22 Jun 2007 04:35:01 +0000 gadolinium mrimri with gadoliniummri gadoliniummri procedurenephrogenic systemic fibrosismagnetic resonance imaginggbca http://www.artwoo.com/article/gadolinium-mri Gadolinium MRI and risk factors for the debilitating disease (NSF) are currently being investigated by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). An is a type of MRI that uses a contrast agent with special magnetic properties to help increase the visibility of organs and tissues. Since its approval in 1988, MRI with gadolinium has been administered to millions of patients.

(MRI) is a diagnostic study that has been used since the 1980's. An MRI uses strong magnets and radio waves to create computer generated three-dimensional images of the body. When an MRI study is performed, radio waves are pulsed through the patient's body causing movement in hydrogen atoms in the body's cells. Different parts of the body react to the radio waves with predictable patterns. These patterns are displayed as three-dimensional pictures on a computer screen.

A gadolinium MRI is a special type of study where the patient is injected with gadolinium. For MRI studies using gadolinium the procedure usually involves two MRIs. The first MRI is administered to get a baseline study. The second study involves injecting the patient with gadolinium and then taking a second MRI. Gadolinium is a naturally occurring metallic element that has special magnetic properties. Gadolinium gives the treating physician and radiologist a more detailed picture of the patient's internal organs, tissues, bones and vessels. MRI with gadolinium is used because it provides additional diagnostic information compared to an MRI without contrast. The Gadolinium for MRI agent is also referred to as gadolinium-based contrast agents (). Five GBCAs are approved for magnetic resonance imaging in the United States: Magnevist, MultiHance, Omniscan, OptiMARK, and ProHance.

Evidence has been increasing regarding the risk of nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF) in patients with severe kidney problems who receive gadolinium during an . Nephrogenic systemic fibrosis appears to occur in patients with kidney failure. Patients with kidney disease or on kidney dialysis are at increased risk because gadolinium is primarily eliminated by the body through the kidneys.

Recent studies have shown an association between NSF and patients with kidney disease that have a gadolinium MRI. Unfortunately, there has been little research or clinical trials that have studied patients with kidney problems and gadolinium contrast agents. NSF causes fibrosis of the skin and connective tissues throughout the body. The patient's skin thickens leading to a loss of mobility and in some cases causing death. There is no known treatment or cure for NSF. NSF has only been reported in patients with severe renal dysfunction (kidney disease).

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has requested that the different manufacturers of gadolinium MRI contrast agent (GBCA) revise their product labels to include a new warning that describes the increased risk of developing nephrogenic systemic fibrosis (NSF). The FDA is continuing to review gadolinium for MRI as more studies and reviews become available regarding the link between gadolinium and NSF. http://www.injurygroup.com ]]> The National Gardening Association http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-national-gardening-association http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-national-gardening-association#comments Fri, 17 Oct 2008 00:15:31 +0000 national gardening associationyouth garden grantssouth burlington vermontteacher professional developmentplant educationhealth and wellbeingpark teacher http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-national-gardening-association National Gardening Association was founded in 1973 as a non-profit organization with the goal of educating people about different types of plants and shrubbery. The National Gardening Association is headquartered in South Burlington, Vermont. The National Gardening Association provides the majority of plant-based educational to most schools with grade levels ranging from K-12. The National Gardening Association teaches , helps develop communities, home gardening and offers various programs and activities.

The programs and activities run by the National Gardening Association are the Adopt a School Garden, the GROW Program, Vermont Garden Park, , National and many, many more. Aside from the programs listed here, the National Gardening Association also offers a variety of other grants and awards.

The National Gardening Association feels that children should be taught on a daily basis about plant life and how to run a garden properly. The NGA believes that gardening can strengthen a child emotionally, mentally and even physically. Teaching gardening helps students understand the natural way of life for plants and better understand where their food comes from. Not only do students learn where their food comes from but it also provides a look into healthy living; such as how to eat a proper meal to live a healthy life.

The National Gardening Association began their Adopt a School Garden program to aid in the instruction of students across the country when it comes to a healthy life and learning about the natural plant like around the world today. When someone adopts a garden for a school a representative from the NGA will complete a list of items for the adoption to get off the ground running. The list includes finding some to become the garden team leader, what area of the school will focus on, send the school educational materials and literature for the teachers, finding a way to get the surrounding community involved and ways to encourage long term sustainability of the garden.

For the awards and grants that the National Gardening Association gives out, there are requirements that need to be met. They are pretty simple too. The requirements are that the school interested in receiving a grant must be teaching and gardening with students between the ages of 3 to 18 and the group can consist of no less than 15 students at anytime. Any school that wins a grant or scholarship from the National Gardening Association must fill out a survey at the end of every year that explains the impact of the program on the students. Each individual grant has a different type of impact report to file with the association at the end of each year.

Finally, the GROW Program is an ongoing project run by the National Gardening Association advocating the importance of gardening at schools, home and in communities. The GROW Program also provides year round gardening tips to beginners and experts as well as national gardening events and conferences. The National Gardening Association: "When you garden, you grow."Homes for Sale Chapel Hill Houses for Sale Chapel Hill]]> How To Get Affordable Health Insurance For Kids http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-to-get-affordable-health-insurance-for-kids http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-to-get-affordable-health-insurance-for-kids#comments Thu, 22 Mar 2007 22:55:59 +0000 affordable health insurancenationwide health insurancehealth insurance benefitshealth insurance programnational association of social workersproper healthchildrens health http://www.artwoo.com/article/how-to-get-affordable-health-insurance-for-kids affordable health insurance for your kids, look no further. The may have just the solutions you're looking for.

According to the National Association of Social Workers, too many kids are left without insurance because their parents either don't know about the options out there for their kids or they believe that purchasing health insurance for their kids will be too expensive. However, to date "a new program is beginning," which means families who work, but still can't afford adequate and affordable health insurance for their kids, will be able to get health insurance for free or at a low cost.

Also to date, a Children's is being designed in each State throughout America to help make health insurance for kids even more affordable; this is also thanks to the National Association of Social Workers. For the time being, most children from low income families qualify for Medicaid for free.

Obviously the National Association of Social Workers has been hard at work making sure your kids can get the affordable health insurance they need. Remember, just because you aren't able to find work that offers for you or your children doesn't mean you are failing your children in anyway. You just have to take those extra steps to find out what's out there for your kids and how you can obtain it for them.

If you are having a difficult time getting your kids the adequate and affordable health insurance they need, you are not alone, and the National Association of Social Workers is working to make sure you, and no one else, has to be in these situations again.

To get free quotes and learn more about insurance please visit the following recommended sites. http://www.ezquoteguide.com/health/ http://ezquoteguide.com/health-self-employed.shtml ]]> Hidden Danger...Who Else With Rheumatoid Arthritis Has Anemia? http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia#comments Sat, 13 Sep 2008 04:36:27 +0000 iron deficiency anemiaerythrocyte sedimentation ratered blood cellsc reactive proteinanemia of chronic diseasesystemic autoimmune diseaseanti inflammatory drugs http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia
Because it is a systemic condition, it affects more than joints. Like other inflammatory conditions, RA causes anemia. The anemia is not the result of bleeding (although some patients treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can develop gastrointestinal bleeding), or deficiency of vitamin B12, folate, or iron.

This type of anemia is called the (ACD).

Patients with RA who develop anemia are more likely to have more severe joint disease, worse quality of life indicators, and more severe disease.

As mentioned earlier, while some patients with RA can develop an as a result of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and subsequent gastrointestinal blood loss, most anemia (60%) associated with RA is due to ACD.

While it is difficult sometimes to differentiate iron deficiency anemia from ACD, there are laboratory characteristics that separate them. The key differentiating feature is that iron deficiency anemia is due to an absolute lack of iron. ACD is not due to iron deficiency- there's plenty of iron available; ACD is due to an inability to unlock the iron that is available.

Another complicating problem is that some patients with RA have both types of anemia.

ACD is due to systemic inflammation. The severity of ACD can be predicted by the amount of elevation of laboratory markers of inflammation such as the ("sed rate") and the C- reactive protein (CRP).

In RA, many chemical mediators of inflammations, called cytokines, are overproduced. These cytokines inhibit the ability of iron stores to be used.

These inflammatory cytokines affect the production of at different levels.

One inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6) adversely affects iron utilization by causing increased production of hepcidin. Hepcidin is an inflammatory protein that prevents release of iron from cells called macrophages. It also reduces absorption of iron from the small intestine.

Other cytokines such as interferon-y and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) block the production of erythropoietin, a hormone that is critically needed for the production of red blood cells. In addition, TNF and interleukin-1 (IL-1) prevent the maturation of red blood cells.

The net effect is a marked reduction of iron available to make red cells.

Studies on anemia in rheumatoid arthritis have produced interesting data. Patients with ACD have more severe disease. If patients have a good response to RA treatment, the anemia improves at the same time. Some data exists that treatment of the ACD will also help improve the symptoms of RA.

The association of inflammatory mediators with the development of ACD indicates that anemia should be monitored during the course of therapy in patients with RA.

Newer biologic agents such as tocilizumab which block the effects of interleukin-6 may help with the resolution of ACD. Preliminary pilot data has shown that blockade of IL-6 in RA patients helps improve quality of life and improves fatigue coincident with the resolution of anemia.Nathan Wei, MD FACP FACR is a rheumatologist and Director of the Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of Maryland. He is a Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. For more info: Arthritis Treatment]]> The Placebo Effect and Its Health Benefits http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-placebo-effect-and-its-health-benefits http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-placebo-effect-and-its-health-benefits#comments Fri, 28 Nov 2008 22:43:21 +0000 american medical associationfake medicinesimagery techniquesplacebo effectinactive substancespower of suggestiontherapeutic activity http://www.artwoo.com/article/the-placebo-effect-and-its-health-benefits fake medicines - placebos - to treat patients with tough to treat conditions relying on the to make them feel better.

These physicians are drawing on information that for a given medical condition, it's not unusual for one-third of patients to feel better after being treated with a placebo.

If you believe you will get better, chances are, you will.

"Twenty to thirty percent of the benefit seen in rheumatism drug studies are due to the placebo effect. Real changes in health go along with the belief that patients will get better," says researcher Jon C. Tilburt of the Mayo Clinic. Thanks to today's brain , the theory that thoughts and beliefs affect your psychological state, and cause the body to undergo real biological changes has been shown to be true.

Known to science as the placebo effect, this phenomenon has long been observed in clinical trials where patients who were taking an inactive compound reported real improvements, more improvement than patients getting no treatment at all. Placebos can either be a pill made from or a sham procedure meant to imitate the real one but with no specific that a patient accepts as therapy. Any subsequent therapeutic effect is based on the .

Using a placebo is a strategy if a physician is treating a problem that doesn't have proven treatments. Despite the drug companies' best efforts, new medications take time to develop, test and get to market. So many conditions aren't fully understood, or show different symptoms in different people that you can see why treating a chronic problem can be a challenge for your doctor.

According to the , using a placebo without telling the patient undermines trust and compromises the relationship between doctor and patient. The patient should know if a drug is a placebo, and should never be given a prescription just because they are seen as a difficult or demanding patient.

How do doctors explain a placebo to patients? The AMA wants physicians to tell patients that placebos help better understand a condition by allowing them to try different medications. Typically a practitioner will say something about using a medication that's not often used for your problem, but might benefit you. If you agree, the doctor doesn't have to identify which medicine is a fake.

If you're feeling a bit deceived by all of this, the doctors who follow this line of reasoning are quick to point out that they always have the best interest of the patient at heart.

Even so, it's not surprising patients feel betrayed when they learn that they were given a placebo, A sensitive doctor can explain, "Just because the placebo worked doesn't mean you're crazy. You were in distress and thus more prone to reacting to anything with the potential to help."

It goes to show that use of the placebo effect by an authority figure like a doctor has the power to heal or hurt.Over 14,000 people have joined Kirsten's popular (and sometimes controversial) Daily Health Bulletin, so why not join them and find out more about the placebo effect and other health news daily.You'll get 5 comprehensive health reports free when you join - giving you all the information you need to treat common ailments, lose weight, look younger and feel healthier.]]> Furniture Designers Association http://www.artwoo.com/article/furniture-designers-association http://www.artwoo.com/article/furniture-designers-association#comments Sat, 01 Nov 2008 19:08:22 +0000 furniture manufacturers associationfurniture designersgrand rapids furniturehigh point north carolinadesigners associationsouthern furniturethomas handley http://www.artwoo.com/article/furniture-designers-association furniture designers?

The first Furniture came into existence on 25th October 1917, where it formed its first constitution and by-laws. However, it was conceptualized in 1916 in Grand Rapids, known as the city for furniture manufacturing by a local manufacturer Robert W. Irwin. He wanted to promote a good relation between the manufacturer and the furniture designers. Thereafter he arranged for a meeting between the two groups, which was successful Thus, three of the furniture designers William L. Kimerly, J. Stuart Clingman and determined to form an association for the benefit of both the designers as well as the manufacturers. They encouraged local furniture designers to join the association. Thus, the Grand Rapids Association was formed and E. Berkey Jones was elected as the president, the owner of William A. Berkey Co. along with eighteen skilled furniture designers and all the members of were admitted as the contract members.

Membership

The membership of this association was restricted to only the local furniture designers of Grand Rapids. In 1920, the Furniture Designers Association was restructured and the membership was given to all the certified designers throughout the United States. Initially the associate membership was given to the suppliers and later on granted to furniture design students. The need for a good prospective forced many designers to move out form Grand Rapids. At present, there are numerous furniture designers in Grand Rapids, who design mostly for the market of market in High Point, North Carolina.

Principles

In 1926, Thomas Johnson, the then president declared that the aim and purpose of the designers is to cooperate and work for the welfare to standardize furniture designs and constructions. At present the association works to stabilize the furniture design standards and to acquaintance and educate the work in the field of furniture designers. It has around 90 members and this has led to more frequent meetings, usually five in a year. The best final year student of Kendall College of art and design of ferris state university located in city centre of Grand Rapids is awarded $1500 every year in December.

Other Furniture Designer Associations:

American Society of Furniture Designers (ASFD)

It was established in 1981 as an international non-profit professional organization. It works towards improving, supporting and advancement in furniture designing. The memberships are not just limited to American furniture designers, but also international professional designers can become a member of American Society of Furniture Designers.

Chicago Furniture Designers Association

The Chicago Furniture Designers Association is formed to encourage the art and craft of innovative furniture design by raising the community of furnishings designers and makers. The meetings are held on every second Tuesday each month. At the Chicago Furniture Designers Association, designers meet and exchange ideas and information on furniture designs and making to broaden their expertise. The association also organizes exhibitions for certified members. Finally, the association encourages designers to work up to widen their interests in furniture designing.Take a look at furniture design. Please visit our furniture page about furniture designers like Poul Volther]]> Hidden Danger...Who Else With Rheumatoid Arthritis Has Anemia? http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia#comments Fri, 14 Dec 2007 02:35:01 +0000 iron deficiency anemiaerythrocyte sedimentation ratered blood cellsc reactive proteinanemia of chronic diseasesystemic autoimmune diseaseanti inflammatory drugs http://www.artwoo.com/article/hidden-dangerwho-else-with-rheumatoid-arthritis-has-anemia
Because it is a systemic condition, it affects more than joints. Like other inflammatory conditions, RA causes anemia. The anemia is not the result of bleeding (although some patients treated with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can develop gastrointestinal bleeding), or deficiency of vitamin B12, folate, or iron.

This type of anemia is called the (ACD).

Patients with RA who develop anemia are more likely to have more severe joint disease, worse quality of life indicators, and more severe disease.

As mentioned earlier, while m some patients with RA can develop an as a result of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug therapy and subsequent gastrointestinal blood loss, most anemia (60%) associated with RA is due to ACD.

While it is difficult sometimes to differentiate iron deficiency anemia from ACD, there are laboratory characteristics that separate them. The key differentiating feature is that iron deficiency anemia is due to an absolute lack of iron. ACD is not due to iron deficiency- there's plenty of iron available; ACD is due to an inability to unlock the iron that is available.

Another complicating problem is that some patients with RA have both types of anemia.

ACD is due to systemic inflammation. The severity of ACD can be predicted by the amount of elevation of laboratory markers of inflammation such as the ("sed rate") and the C- reactive protein (CRP).

In RA, many chemical mediators of inflammations, called cytokines, are overproduced. These cytokines inhibit the ability of iron stores to be used.

These inflammatory cytokines affect the production of at different levels.

One inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-6 (IL-6) adversely affects iron utilization by causing increased production of hepcidin. Hepcidin is an inflammatory protein that prevents release of iron from cells called macrophages. It also reduces absorption of iron from the small intestine.

Other cytokines such as interferon-y and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) block the production of erythropoietin, a hormone that is critically needed for the production of red blood cells. In addition, TNF and interleukin-1 (IL-1) prevent the maturation of red blood cells.

The net effect is a marked reduction of iron available to make red cells.

Studies on anemia in rheumatoid arthritis have produced interesting data. Patients with ACD have more severe disease. If patients have a good response to RA treatment, the anemia improves at the same time. Some data exists that treatment of the ACD will also help improve the symptoms of RA.

The association of inflammatory mediators with the development of ACD indicates that anemia should be monitored during the course of therapy in patients with RA.

Newer biologic agents such as tocilizumab which block the effects of interleukin-6 may help with the resolution of ACD. Preliminary pilot data has shown that blockade of IL-6 in RA patients helps improve quality of life and improves fatigue coincident with the resolution of anemia. Nathan Wei, MD FACP FACR is a rheumatologist and Director of the Arthritis and Osteoporosis Center of Maryland. He is a Clinical Assistant Professor of Medicine at the University of Maryland School of Medicine. For more info: http://www.arthritis-treatment-and-relief.com/arthritis-treatment.html ]]>